Effects of osseodensification on implant primary stability in sites with reduced bone density

a five-year multicenter retrospective clinical study

Resumo

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate primary stability of dental implants with different macro designs placed in sites with low bone density using osseodensification (OD) instrumentation.

Material and methods: A total of 254 implants with 6 different macro designs were placed in 184 subjects (Females: 93, Males: 91) in 4 different treatment centers. Follow-up assessments ranged between 13 and 65 months. Implant primary stability measured by insertion torque value (ITV), was the primary outcome variable measured. Secondary outcome measures included implant stability quotient (ISQ) at different implant locations (maxilla vs. mandible), and implant success rate post definitive loading over the duration of the study. ISQ was measured at implant insertion and on a weekly basis at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks.

Results: All osteotomies were performed in low density bone (D3-D4) using OD instrumentation. ITV obtained for all implant systems, regardless of its geometry, demonstrated ITV greater than 40Ncm in sites with reduced bone density (D3, D4). ISQ values measured from weeks 0-6 revealed that all implant systems demonstrated high stability values followed by a slight reduction by week 3. ISQ values at week 6 were comparable to baseline for all implants placed. The overall success rate observed was 97.7%.

Conclusions: This multicenter retrospective study demonstrated that OD instrumentation is a safe method to achieve optimal primary stability in areas with low bone density, irrespective of implant macro design and surface characteristics. OD instrumentation resulted in high implant success rate.