Modelos animais de periodontite – uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated to dysbiotic biofilm that compromises the protective and supporting periodontal tissues. In addition to local complications, periodontitis is also associated to systemic conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It has a high prevalence in the population and represents the main cause of tooth loss in adults. Many factors related to periodontitis are well established, however, new questions about the etiology, pathogenicity and forms of treatment remain to be improved. Which lead the researchers to use animal models. Thus, animal models are a viable alternative as long as their use is justified for the purposes of the research. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the animal models of periodontitis induction used in the last two years. The term “periodontitis” was searched in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The date limit 03/2021 to 09/2018 was applied. The search resulted in 1,231 articles. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 300 publications were selected for analysis. The results showed that the main animal species used as a model of periodontitis are rats, followed by mice. To induce periodontitis, ligation of posterior teeth was the most used method.